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Kilkenny City, County Kilkenny
There has been a fortress on this site since the 840s
when the land around Kilkenny was ruled by local kings,
the O'Carrolls, O'Dunphys and Fitzpatricks. Richard "Strongbow"
de Clare led the first Norman invasion of Ireland in 1170.
Subsequently, the first Norman keep was constructed here
in 1172. This was a timber keep, as was traditional in
Ireland at the time. But twenty years later, it was de
Clare's son-in-law William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke,
aka the Greatest Knight in England, who built the first
stone keep...{}
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